Subject: codes
Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1999 03:47:55 -0600
From: codes.autoresponder@portability.net
To: neper@westol.com

Subaru Trouble Codes

--- CODE RETRIEVAL --

There are self diagnostic connectors on all models which, when
connected together with the key in the ON position (engine off) flash
diagnostic codes through the LED light on the Oxygen Monitor on the
ECU. The connectors are under the steering wheel, to the left of the
Oxygen Monitor on most models. On Carbureted and Single-Point Fuel
Injected 1989 Models, the test connectors are located on the engine side
of the firewall, on the driver's side. Impreza models have the ECU and
test connectors located behind the right side of the dash instead of the
left. On SVX models the connectors are located behind the driver's
kick panel.

There are four test modes. With NEITHER test connector connected, and the key in the ON (engine off) position, the light will display codes
that relate to starting and driving. With ONLY the "Read Memory"
connector connected, historic codes will be displayed. With ONLY the
"Test Mode" connector connected, a dealership technician can perform
dynamic tests. The last mode is for clearing codes (see below).

The codes are displayed as pulses of the LED mounted on the module.
The long pulses (1.2 Seconds) indicate tens and the short pulses (.2
seconds) indicate ones. Pulses are separated by .3-Second pauses, and
multiple codes are separated by 1.8-Second pauses. (See Example Below)
(Note: On 1989 Multi-Point Fuel Injected Models, the Oxygen Sensor
Monitor Light and ECU are mounted under the rear seat package shelf, and
are accessible only from the trunk.)

On 1990 Models, the trouble codes on the Justy are viewed on the Oxygen Monitor Light Only, while on other models, the codes can be viewed on
either the Oxygen Sensor Monitor or the Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(Check Engine Light) on the dash.

1995 Impreza and Legacy Models have OBD-II Diagnostics Systems. The
OBD-II codes can be extracted and cleared with either a Subaru Factory
Tool, called the "Subaru Select Monitor) or with a universal OBD-II scan
tool. Although an expensive scan tool is required to retrieve these
new, five-character diagnostic codes, the basic codes can still be
obtained using the flashing MIL.

--- CLEARING CODES ---

Codes will clear only when the faulty system or circuit is repaired.
After making the repairs, codes can be cleared by connecting TWO pairs
of connectors, the "Self-Diagnostic" connectors, and the "Read Memory"
connectors that are usually located right next to the diagnostic
connectors. To begin, start with a warmed up engine, turn the engine
off, connect both pairs of connectors, then start the engine. This
should clear the codes. If this fails to clear the codes, consult an
Authorized Subaru Technician.

--- CODE EXAMPLE, SINGLE CODE ---

1.2 second pulse (10)
.3 second pause
1.2 second pulse (10....for a total of 20)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 21)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 22)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 23)

(Code 23 -- Oxygen Sensor)

--- CODE EXAMPLE, MULTIPLE CODE ---

1.2 second pulse (10)
.3 second pause
1.2 second pulse (10....for a total of 20)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 21)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 22)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 23)
1.8 second pause (this means NEW code)
1.2 second pulse (10)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 11)
.3 second pause
.2 second pulse (1.....for a total of 12)

(Codes 23 and 12, Oxygen Sensor and Starter Circuit)

The simplest way for an inexperienced mechanic to retrieve codes is to write the codes down in a sort of Morse Code (dots and dashes), and
start a new line when you get a 1.8 Second pause (for NEW code), and
then add the actual numbers up after code retrieval is completed.

--- CODE EXPLANATIONS ---

-- 1983 Carbureted Models --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11,12,21,22 Ignition Pulse System
14,24,41,42 Vacuum Switches Stay On
15,51,52 Solenoid Valve Stays On or Off
23 Oxygen Sensor or Circuit
32 Coolant Temperature Sensor or Circuit
33 Main System in Feedback
34,43 Choke Power Stays On or Off
42 Clutch Switch or Circuit

-- 1984 Through 1988 Carbureted Models --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11 Ignition Pulse System
22 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) or Circuit
23 Oxygen Sensor
24 Coolant Temperature Sensor or Circuit
25 Coolant Temperature Sensor (1984 Models)
25 Manifold Vacuum Sensor or Circuit (1985-1988 Models)
32 Duty Solenoid Valve or Circuit
33 Main System in Feedback
34 Back Up System
42 Clutch Switch or Circuit
52 Solenoid Valve Control System
53 Fuel Pump or Circuit
54 Choke Control System
55 Upshift Control
62 EGR Solenoid Valve Control
63 Canister Solenoid Valve or Circuit
64 Vacuum Line Control Valve or Circuit
65 Float Chamber Vent COntrol Valve or Circuit
71 Ignition Pulse System
73 Ignition Pulse System
74 Ignition Pulse System

-- For 1984 through 1986 Fuel Injected Models --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11 Ignition Pulse
12 Starter Switch Off
13 Starter Switch On
14 Airflow Meter or Circuit
15 Atmospheric Pressure Switch - Fixed Value
16 Crank Angle Sensor or Circuit
17 Starter Switch or Circuit
21 Seized Air Flow Meter Flap
22 Pressure or Vacuum Switches - Fixed Value
23 Idle Switch - Fixed Value
24 Wide Open Throttle Switch - Fixed Value
25 Throttle Sensor Idle Switch or Circuit
31 Speed Sensor or Circuit
32 Oxygen Sensor or Circuit
33 Coolant Sensor or Circuit
34 Abnormal Aspirated Air Thermosensor (In Airflow Meter)
35 Air Flow Meter or EGR Solenoid Switch or Circuit
41 Atmosphere Pressure Sensor or Circuit
42 Fuel Injector - Fixed Value
43,55 KDLH Control System
46 Neutral or Parking Switch or Circuit
47 Fuel Injector
53 Fuel Pump or Circuit
57 Canister Control System
58 Air Control System
62 EGR Control System
88 TBI Control Unit

-- 1987 Fuel Injected Models --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11 Ignition Pulse/Crank Angle Sensor
12 Starter Switch or Circuit
13 Crank Angle Sensor or Circuit
14 Injectors 1 and 2
15 Injectors 3 and 4
21 Coolant Temperature Sensor or Circuit
22 Knock Sensor or Circuit
23 Air Flow Meter or Circuit
24 Air Control
31 Throttle Sensor or Circuit
32 Oxygen Sensor or Circuit
33 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) or Circuit
34 EGR Solenoid Valve Stuck On or Off
35 Purge Control Solenoid or Circuit
41 Lean Fuel Mixture Indicated
42 Idle Switch or Circuit
45 Kick-Down (Detent) Relay or Circuit
51 Neutral Switch or Circuit
61 Parking Switch or Circuit

-- 1988 and Later Models With Single-Point Fuel Injection --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11 Crank Angle Sensor or Circuit
12 Starter Switch or Circuit
13 Crank Angle Sensor or Circuit
14 Fuel Injector - Abnormal Output
21 Coolant Temperature Sensor or Circuit
23 Air Flow Meter or Circuit
24 Air Control Valve or Circuit
31 Throttle Sensor or Circuit
32 Oxygen Sensor or Circuit
33 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) or Circuit
34 EGR Solenoid or Circuit
35 Purge Control Solenoid or Circuit
42 Idle Switch or Circuit
45 Kick-Down (Detent) Relay or Circuit
51 Neutral Switch Continuously in the On Position
55 EGR Temperature Sensor or Circuit
61 Parking Switch or Circuit

-- 1988 and Later Models with Multi-Point Fuel Injection --

CODE PROBABLE CAUSE
11 Crank Angle Sensor or Circuit
12 Starter Switch or Circuit
13 Cam Position Sensor or Circuit (TDC Sensor on Justy)
14 Fuel Injector No. 1 (Legacy, Impreza, Justy, SVX)
14 Fuel Injector No. 1 and 2 (XT, Loyale, GL, DL)
15 Fuel Injector No. 2 (Legacy, Impreza, Justy, SVX)
15 Fuel Injector No. 3 and 4 (Loyale, GL, DL)
15 Fuel Injector No. 5 and 6 (XT-6)
16 Fuel Injector No. 3 (Legacy, Impreza, Justy, SVX)
16 Fuel Injector No. 3 and 4 (XT)
17 Fuel Injector No. 4 (Legacy, Impreza, SVX)
17 Fuel injector No. 1 and 2 (XT-6)
18 Fuel Injector No. 5 (SVX)
19 Fuel Injector No. 6 (SVX)
21 Coolant Temperature Sensor or Circuit
22 Knock Sensor or Circuit (Right Side on SVX)
23 Air Flow Meter or Circuit (Exc. Justy)
23 Pressure Sensor (Justy)
24 Air Control Valve or Circuit (Exc. Justy)
24 Idle Speed Control Solenoid Valve (Justy)
25 Fuel injector No. 3 and 4 (XT-6)
26 Air Temperature Sensor (Justy)
28 Knock Sensor No. 2 (SVX, Left Side)
29 Crank Angle Sensor (SVX, No. 2)
31 Throttle Position Sensor or Circuit
32 Oxygen Sensor or Circuit (No. 1, Right Side, On SVX)
33 Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) or Circuit
34 EGR Solenoid or Circuit
35 Purge Control Solenoid or Circuit
36 Air Suction Solenoid Valve (Impreza)
36 Ignitor Circuit (Justy)
37 Oxygen Sensor (No. 2, Left Side, On SVX)
38 Engine Torque Control (SVX)
41 Air/Fuel Adaptive Control
42 Idle Switch or Circuit
43 Throttle Switch (Justy)
44 Wastegate Duty Solenoid (Turbo Models)
45 Pressure Sensor Duty Solenoid (Turbo Models)
45 Atmospheric Pressure Sensor or Circuit (Non- Turbo Models)
49 Airflow Sensor
51 Neutral Switch (Manual Transmission Models)
51 Inhibitor Switch (Automatic Transmission Models)
52 Parking Brake Switch (Exc. Justy)
52 Clutch Switch (Justy)
55 EGR Temperature Sensor or Circuit
56 EGR System
61 Parking Brake Switch (Loyale)
61 Fuel Tank Pressure Control Solenoid (Impreza)
62 Fuel Temperature Sensor (Impreza)
62 Electric Load Signal (Justy)
63 Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (Impreza)
63 Blower Fan Switch (Justy)
65 Vacuum Pressure Sensor

John Wainwright
ASE Master Tech
Tater’s Subaru XT6 Wonderland... http://members.xoom.com/taterhead

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